Evaporating apparatus.



E. KUHNKE.

EVAPORATING APPARATUS.

APPLIGATION FILED AUG. 14, 1913.

l. LWCQLD v Patented Jan. 26, 1915.

UNITED STATES PATENT @FiFllQEO EMIL KUHNKE, OF LEVERKUSEN, GERMANY,ASSIGNOR T0 SYNTHETIC PATENTS CO.,

INC., 0F NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

EVAPORATING APPARATUS.

Application led August 14, 1913.

To all whom it may concer/i .Be it known that I, EMIL KUHNKE, engineer,citizen of the German Empire7 residing at Leverkusen, near Cologne,-Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in EvaporatingApparatus, of which the following is a specification.

In the evaporation of liquids the depth of the body or column of liquidundergoing evaporation has marked influence on the amount of evaporationand on the consumption of steam or other heating agent. rlfhis isbecause the liquid near the bottom of the body or column is under ahigher pressure than that near the top, due tothe head of liquid aboveit, and boils at a correspondingly highertemperature. As a result whensteam at a uniform temperature is used in heating the body ofliquid, thetemperature difference between the steam and the liquid fdecreases withthe increase in pressure and in boiling point ofthe liquid. Thiscondition is particularly disadvantageous in high vacuum work, since,for example, in a body of. water l meter deep maintained under a vacuumof 700 mm., the difference between the boiling points of the upper andlower layers of water amounts to about 150 C.y In

the evaporating apparatus of the prior art little attention has beenfavorable influences.

The apparatus ot' the present invention is paid to these undesigned toovercoiiie the abovementioned f-lisadvantages, and enables a. uniformdepth ot' liquid to be maintained, this depth not exceeding the diameterof the boiler tubes employed.

The invention will be now more particularly pointed out and described inconnec-` tion with the illustration thereof shown in the accompanyingdrawings, in which,--

Figure 1 shows a central vertical section of the evaporating apparatus.Fig. 2 shows a vertical section on the lines B-B, Fig. l,

and Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail view showl ing the arrangement of thepockets and connections.

ln the embodiment of the invention illustrated, the heating chamber rr,is shown as having two headers or tube vplates b and o into which arewelded'the boiler tubes 'c which cross each other in pairs. 0n theoutside of the tube plates or headers are arranged pockets al and d',each pocket being opposite a series of pairs` of crossed tubes,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jail. 26, 31915. Serial No. 784,774.

so that one tube of each pair leads from near the bottom of a pocket onone tube plate to a pocket on the other tube plate at a. slightly higherlevel. Overflow pipes e are provided from one pocket to the next, theends of these pipes being arranged on a level with the highest point inthe ends of the lower tubes. The heating chamber a is provided with asteam inlet connection f and an outlet y for the water of condensation.The pockets (Z are supplied by means of an inlet pipe /t and theevaporated liquid es 'the next pocket, and so on, when the level reachesthe top oi the overflow pipe e. This level is such that the liquid fillsthe ends of the lower tubes and tends to maintain this constant level inthe tubes. The evaporated liquid passes to the remote and slightlyhigher ends of the tubes in the other header and the liquid carried withthe vapors is discharged into the corresponding pocket on this otherheader, from which theloperation is repeated through the other series oftubes into the first header. The surging of the liquid and vapors in thecrossed tubes, and the carrying of liquid by the vapors results inforcing liquid into the remote pockets in which the same operation takesplace. The head of liquid, however, is maintained constant by theoverflow pipes. In order to 'prevent the liquid oi mixed liquid andvapors from oscillating back and forth in the inclined boilerl tubes,the lower ends of each series have angular sleeves z' screwed Yon themwith openings therein considerably CPI form evaporation at a constanttemperature is permitted.

claim l. An evaporating apparatus comprising a boiler having a heatingChamber provided with a header at each end, a series of tubes arrangedbetween said headers at a slight inclination, pockets on said headers atthe ends of said pipes, and means for maintaining the liquid in saidpockets at a Constant level. 2. An evaporating apparatus comprising aboiler having a heating chamber provided with a header at each end, aplurality of superposed series of tubes arranged between said headers ata slight inclination, pockets on said headers at the ends of each ofsaid series, and overlows arranged from each pocket to the next belowarranged to maintain the liquid in said pockets at a constant level.

3. An evaporating apparatus Comprising a boiler having a heating chamberprovided with a header at each end, pockets on the outside of saidheaders, two series of crossed tubes arranged in pairs each of whichleads meegaan.

a boiler having a heating chamber provided with a header at each end, aseries of superposed pockets on the outside of each header, two seriesof crossed tubes arranged in pairs and extending from a pocket on oneheader to a corresponding pocket on the other, one tube of each pairleading from a lower level of one pocket to a higher level et the other,means for supplying said pockets with liquid to be evaporated, andoveriiows 'from each pocket to the next arranged to maintain in thepockets a constant level of liquid even with the tops of the lower endsoi' said tubes. Y p

ln testimony whereof have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing `witnesses. 4

- EMIL KUHNKE. [Ls] Witnesses:

HELEN NUFER, I ALBERT NUFER.

